During Austral Summer1990-91 the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS conducted marine geological and geophysical surveys in the Ross Sea, over Weddel Sea and in the Balleny Zone of the MacQuarie Triple Junction. This cruise collected approximately 6036 km of multichannel seismic reflection (MCS) data. The surveys extended, in different areas, between longitudes 37 and 56 degrees west, and between latitudes 59 and 62 degrees south (Weddel Sea), between longitudes 171 east and 178 degrees west, and between latitudes 71 and 73 degrees south (Ross Sea), between longitudes 150 and 158 degrees east , and between latitudes 51 and 62 degrees south (Balleny). The surveys were carried out by the research vessel OGS Explora. The digital MCS data were recorded on a SERCEL SN 358 DMX system. The source consisted of an airgun array with variable configuration from a total volume of 45.16 litres fired approximately every 50 meters. A GPS + TRANSIT satellite receiver system was used for navigation. Processing of the data generally followed a conventional sequence: Reformat, Trace-sum with differential NMO, Quality control, Amplitude recovery, Deconvolution, Velocity analysis, NMO corrections, Mute, Trace weighting, Stack, Mixing, Filter, Balance.

High-resolution multichannel seismic profiles have been collected in January–March 2017 by OGS on the continental rise off the Sabrina Coast (East Antarctica). The data were acquired as part of the Italian Program of Antarctic Research (PNRA) TYTAN “Totten Glacier dynamics and Southern Ocean circulation impact on depositional processes since the Mid- to Late Cenozoic” project (PI: F. Donda-OGS) during the Australian Marine National Facility survey IN2017-V01 on board the RV Investigator. TYTAN was embedded in to the Australian project "Interactions of the Totten Glacier with the Southern Ocean through multiple glacial cycles” that aimed to understand the interaction of Totten Glacier and its ice drainage basin with the Southern Ocean during periods of warming and ice-sheet retreat in the Pleistocene and Holocene. In order to achieve these scientific objectives, three areas were identified for the geophysical and oceanographic survey: two on the continental slope and rise off Sabrina Coast and one on the continental shelf, which was not investigated because it remained covered by sea ice throughout the season. Expanded and well-preserved sedimentary successions imaged on the TYTAN seismic data highlight the potential of this region for deep ocean drilling, which will provide unprecedented history of the glaciers evolution in the Aurora Basin and their sensitivity to climate change under different background state conditions. In fact, TYTAN seismic data played a crucial role in the identification of potential drilling sites for the IODP 1002 Proposal “Totten Glacier Climate Vulnerability under varying Neogene climate conditions: Lessons for East Antarctic Ice Sheet climate sensitivity” (under review).

During Austral Summer 1993-94 the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS conducted marine geological and geophysical surveys over the Ross Sea, cruise IT91AR. During this cruise 581 km of 30-fold multichannel seismic reflection (MCS) data were collected in the Ross Sea, off the Cape Hallett, between longitudes 171 degrees East and 178 degrees West, and latitudes 71 and 73 degrees South. In 1993-94 the OGS completed the cruise IT94AR, with 852 km of 30-fold and 673 km of 3-fold multichannel seismic reflection data collected in the Ross Sea, off the coast of the McMurdo Island, between longitudes 168 degrees East and 181 degrees West, and latitudes 73 and 77 degrees South. The surveys were carried out by the research vessel OGS Explora. The digital MCS data were recorded on a SERCEL SN 358 DMX system. The source consisted of an airgun array with a total volume of 71.5 litres fired approximately every 50 meters into a 3000 m cable consisting of 120 hydrophone groups for the 30-fold profiles and every 250 meters into a 1500 m streamer for the 3-fold profiles. A GPS + TRANSIT satellite receiver system was used for the navigation. Processing of the data generally followed a conventional sequence: Reformat, Trace-sum with differential NMO, Quality control, Amplitude recovery, Deconvolution, Velocity analysis, NMO corrections, Mute, Trace weighting, Stack, Mixing, Filter, Balance.

During Austral Summer 1989-90, the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, conducted marine geological and geophysical surveys off South Pacific ocean, in the Weddell Sea over Bellingshausen Sea, in the Ross Sea and over Admundsen Sea. This cruise collected approximately 8763 km of multichannel seismic reflection (MCS) data. The surveys extended, in diferent area, between longitudes 34 and 172 degrees west , and between latitudes 59 and 76 degrees south. The surveys were carried out by the research vessel OGS Explora. The digital MCS data were recorded on a SERCEL SN 358 DMX system. The source consisted of an airgun array with variable configuration from a total volume of 45.16 litres fired approximately every 50 meters. A GPS + TRANSIT satellite receiver system was used for navigation. Processing of the data generally followed a conventional sequence: Reformat, Trace-sum with differential NMO, Quality control, Amplitude recovery, Deconvolution, Velocity analysis, NMO corrections, Mute, Trace weighting, Stack, Mixing, Filter, Balance.

In Austral Summer 1994-95 the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS conducted marine geological and geophysical surveys over the Antarctic Peninsular. During this cruise five (5) research programmes were conducted for a total approximately of 4469 km of multichannel seismic reflection (MCS) data. The research programmes were: SEDANO (SEdiment Drifts of the ANtarctic Offshore) with 1340 km of MCS data; SITE SURVEY, ODP Proposal # 452 (Antarctic Glacial History and Sea-Level Change) with 507 km of MCS data; SANSCRITO (Seismic ANalysis SCotia Ridge Tectonic Outcome) with 1990 km of MCS data and ANGELINA (ANtarctic GEophysical Long range INternational Acquisition programme) with 632 km of MCS data. The surveys were carried out by the research vessel OGS Explora. The digital MCS data were recorded on a SERCEL SN 358 DMX system. The source consisted of two GI guns with a total volume of 6.7 litres fired approximately every 25 meters into a 1500 m cable consisting of 120 hydrophone groups for the 30-fold profiles. A GPS + TRANSIT satellite receiver system was used for the navigation. Processing of the data followed a detailed sequence: Quality control, Amplitude recovery, Deconvolution, Velocity analysis, Multiples attenuation, NMO corrections, Mute, Trace weighting, Stack, F-X Deconvolution,Filter, Balance.

During the Antarctic summer 1988-89, a geophysical survey (seismic, gravity and magnetics) was carried out by the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS of Trieste, Italy, in the Ross Sea with the Research Vessel O.G.S. Explora. 23 lines of total length 4113.1 Km were collected. The cruise began on December 10,1988 from the harbor of Hobart (Australia) and ended on January 15, 1989, with its arrival in Dunedin (New Zealand). Gravimetric and geomagnetic data were continuously acquired during the cruise, with minor interruptions due to adverse sea conditions. The multichannel seismic survey was run in the Ross Sea from December 18 to January 8. The project has been financially supported by the Italian Antarctic Program (PNRA).

High-resolution multichannel seismic profiles have been collected in January–March 2017 by OGS on the continental rise off the Sabrina Coast (East Antarctica). The data were acquired as part of the Italian Program of Antarctic Research (PNRA) TYTAN “Totten Glacier dynamics and Southern Ocean circulation impact on depositional processes since the Mid- to Late Cenozoic” project (PI: F. Donda-OGS) during the Australian Marine National Facility survey IN2017-V01 on board the RV Investigator. TYTAN was embedded in to the Australian project "Interactions of the Totten Glacier with the Southern Ocean through multiple glacial cycles” that aimed to understand the interaction of Totten Glacier and its ice drainage basin with the Southern Ocean during periods of warming and ice-sheet retreat in the Pleistocene and Holocene. In order to achieve these scientific objectives, three areas were identified for the geophysical and oceanographic survey: two on the continental slope and rise off Sabrina Coast and one on the continental shelf, which was not investigated because it remained covered by sea ice throughout the season. Expanded and well-preserved sedimentary successions imaged on the TYTAN seismic data highlight the potential of this region for deep ocean drilling, which will provide unprecedented history of the glaciers evolution in the Aurora Basin and their sensitivity to climate change under different background state conditions. In fact, TYTAN seismic data played a crucial role in the identification of potential drilling sites for the IODP 1002 Proposal “Totten Glacier Climate Vulnerability under varying Neogene climate conditions: Lessons for East Antarctic Ice Sheet climate sensitivity” (under review).

During Austral Summer 1989-90, the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, conducted marine geological and geophysical surveys off South Pacific ocean, in the Weddell Sea over Bellingshausen Sea, in the Ross Sea and over Admundsen Sea. This cruise collected approximately 8763 km of multichannel seismic reflection (MCS) data. The surveys extended, in diferent area, between longitudes 34 and 172 degrees west , and between latitudes 59 and 76 degrees south. The surveys were carried out by the research vessel OGS Explora. The digital MCS data were recorded on a SERCEL SN 358 DMX system. The source consisted of an airgun array with variable configuration from a total volume of 45.16 litres fired approximately every 50 meters. A GPS + TRANSIT satellite receiver system was used for navigation. Processing of the data generally followed a conventional sequence: Reformat, Trace-sum with differential NMO, Quality control, Amplitude recovery, Deconvolution, Velocity analysis, NMO corrections, Mute, Trace weighting, Stack, Mixing, Filter, Balance.

During the Antarctic summer 1988-89, a geophysical survey (seismic, gravity and magnetics) was carried out by the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS of Trieste, Italy, in the Ross Sea with the Research Vessel O.G.S. Explora. 23 lines of total length 4113.1 Km were collected. The cruise began on December 10,1988 from the harbor of Hobart (Australia) and ended on January 15, 1989, with its arrival in Dunedin (New Zealand). Gravimetric and geomagnetic data were continuously acquired during the cruise, with minor interruptions due to adverse sea conditions. The multichannel seismic survey was run in the Ross Sea from December 18 to January 8. The project has been financially supported by the Italian Antarctic Program (PNRA).

IX Antarctic Campaign - Leg 3 Bathythermograph